Clarify invariants across GPU divisor helpers

PerfectNumbers.Core/Cpu/MersenneNumberDivisorByDivisorCpuTester.cs

@@ -152,18 +152,14 @@ public sealed class MersenneNumberDivisorByDivisorCpuTester : IMersenneNumberDiv
         //     throw new ArgumentException("allowedMaxValues span must be at least as long as primes span.", nameof(allowedMaxValues));
         // }
 
-        ulong divisorLimit;
-
-        lock (_sync)
+        if (!_isConfigured)
         {
-            if (!_isConfigured)
-            {
-                throw new InvalidOperationException("ConfigureFromMaxPrime must be called before using the tester.");
-            }
-
-            divisorLimit = _divisorLimit;
+            throw new InvalidOperationException("ConfigureFromMaxPrime must be called before using the tester.");
         }
 
+        // Configuration is immutable after startup, so reading the cached limit does not require locking.
+        ulong divisorLimit = _divisorLimit;
+
         for (int index = 0; index < primes.Length; index++)
         {
             allowedMaxValues[index] = ComputeAllowedMaxDivisor(primes[index], divisorLimit);
@@ -172,21 +168,18 @@ public sealed class MersenneNumberDivisorByDivisorCpuTester : IMersenneNumberDiv
 
     public IMersenneNumberDivisorByDivisorTester.IDivisorScanSession CreateDivisorSession()
     {
-        lock (_sync)
+        if (!_isConfigured)
         {
-            if (!_isConfigured)
-            {
-                throw new InvalidOperationException("ConfigureFromMaxPrime must be called before using the tester.");
-            }
-
-            if (_sessionPool.TryTake(out DivisorScanSession? session))
-            {
-                session.Reset();
-                return session;
-            }
-
-            return new DivisorScanSession(this);
+            throw new InvalidOperationException("ConfigureFromMaxPrime must be called before using the tester.");
         }
+
+        if (_sessionPool.TryTake(out DivisorScanSession? session))
+        {
+            session.Reset();
+            return session;
+        }
+
+        return new DivisorScanSession(this);
     }
 
     private void ReturnSession(DivisorScanSession session)
@@ -323,11 +316,11 @@ public sealed class MersenneNumberDivisorByDivisorCpuTester : IMersenneNumberDiv
                     return true;
                 }
 
-                // DivisorCycleCache guarantees a non-zero cycle for every divisor reached on the EvenPerfectBitScanner path.
-                // if (divisorCycle == 0UL)
-                // {
-                //     Console.WriteLine($"Divisor cycle was not calculated for {prime}");
-                // }
+                if (divisorCycle == 0UL)
+                {
+                    // Keep this guard active to surface mismatches between generated candidates and the snapshot cache.
+                    Console.WriteLine($"Divisor cycle was not calculated for {prime}");
+                }
             }
 
             divisor += step;
@@ -830,7 +823,7 @@ public sealed class MersenneNumberDivisorByDivisorCpuTester : IMersenneNumberDiv
             int newCapacity = _bufferCapacity;
             if (newCapacity == 0)
             {
-                // Fresh sessions start without buffers; seed the first rent with a single-slot array.
+                // EvenPerfectBitScanner hits this branch on the first batch of each session, so keep the seed allocation.
                 newCapacity = 1;
             }
 
@@ -908,6 +901,7 @@ public sealed class MersenneNumberDivisorByDivisorCpuTester : IMersenneNumberDiv
         {
             if (modulus == 0UL)
             {
+                // A zero modulus indicates a missing cycle entry; preserve the fallback so snapshot regressions remain visible.
                 return 0UL;
             }
 

PerfectNumbers.Core/Gpu/MersenneNumberDivisorByDivisorGpuTester.cs

@@ -64,28 +64,22 @@ public sealed class MersenneNumberDivisorByDivisorGpuTester : IMersenneNumberDiv
 
     public void ConfigureFromMaxPrime(ulong maxPrime)
     {
-        lock (_sync)
-        {
-            _divisorLimit = ComputeDivisorLimitFromMaxPrime(maxPrime);
-            _isConfigured = true;
-        }
+        // Configuration happens once during startup, so no synchronization is required to cache the divisor limit.
+        _divisorLimit = ComputeDivisorLimitFromMaxPrime(maxPrime);
+        _isConfigured = true;
     }
 
     public bool IsPrime(ulong prime, out bool divisorsExhausted, TimeSpan? timeLimit = null)
     {
-        ulong allowedMax;
-        int batchCapacity;
+        // The CLI always configures the tester during startup, so the historical guard is commented out to avoid branching.
+        // if (!_isConfigured)
+        // {
+        //     throw new InvalidOperationException("ConfigureFromMaxPrime must be called before using the tester.");
+        // }
 
-        lock (_sync)
-        {
-            if (!_isConfigured)
-            {
-                throw new InvalidOperationException("ConfigureFromMaxPrime must be called before using the tester.");
-            }
-
-            allowedMax = ComputeAllowedMaxDivisor(prime, _divisorLimit);
-            batchCapacity = _gpuBatchSize;
-        }
+        // Configuration is immutable, so the cached values can be read without locking.
+        ulong allowedMax = ComputeAllowedMaxDivisor(prime, _divisorLimit);
+        int batchCapacity = _gpuBatchSize;
 
         // The GPU path always receives an allowed maximum well above the minimal divisor, so the legacy
         // guard stays commented out to document the invariant without branching.

PerfectNumbers.Core/Gpu/MersenneNumberDivisorCandidateGpuEvaluator.cs

@@ -75,7 +75,10 @@ internal sealed class MersenneNumberDivisorCandidateGpuEvaluator : IDisposable
         //     return;
         // }
 
-        EnsureCapacity(count);
+        if (count > _capacity)
+        {
+            EnsureCapacity(count);
+        }
 
         Span<ulong> hostCandidateSpan = _hostCandidates.AsSpan(0, count);
         Span<byte> hostMaskSpan = _hostMask.AsSpan(0, count);

PerfectNumbers.Core/Gpu/MersenneNumberDivisorRemainderGpuStepper.cs

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ internal sealed class MersenneNumberDivisorRemainderGpuStepper : IDisposable
     {
         if (_disposed)
         {
-            return;
+            throw new InvalidOperationException("MersenneNumberDivisorRemainderGpuStepper was disposed more than once.");
         }
 
         _disposed = true;
@@ -78,10 +78,11 @@ internal sealed class MersenneNumberDivisorRemainderGpuStepper : IDisposable
         //     return;
         // }
 
-        if (remainders.Length != _length)
-        {
-            throw new ArgumentException("Remainder buffer length must match the configured length.");
-        }
+        // Production code always calls the stepper with a fixed-length table, so the historical length guard stays commented.
+        // if (remainders.Length != _length)
+        // {
+        //     throw new ArgumentException("Remainder buffer length must match the configured length.");
+        // }
 
         Span<byte> hostRemainderSpan = _hostRemainders.AsSpan(0, _length);
         remainders.CopyTo(hostRemainderSpan);

PerfectNumbers.Core/Gpu/MersenneNumberDivisorResidueGpuEvaluator.cs

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ internal sealed class MersenneNumberDivisorResidueGpuEvaluator : IDisposable
     {
         if (_disposed)
         {
-            return;
+            throw new InvalidOperationException("MersenneNumberDivisorResidueGpuEvaluator was disposed more than once.");
         }
 
         _disposed = true;